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Tourists shopped above secret ‘vile’ dungeon uncovered in ‘remarkable’ archaeological dig

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Archaeologists in the United Kingdom recently unearthed ancient relics beneath a bustling marketplace — including the remains of a “vile” dungeon.

Announcing the discovery in a Sept. 23 press release, officials at the University of Leicester said the dig yielded “extraordinary evidence of 2,000 years of human activity” in Leicester’s marketplace.

Archaeologists uncovered the finds while working alongside construction crews who are redeveloping the market square.

ARCHAEOLOGIST SOLVES ‘JIGSAW PUZZLE’ OF ANCIENT ROMAN FRAGMENTS HIDDEN FOR NEARLY TWO MILLENNIA

“Among the most poignant finds is the grave of a Roman infant, buried beneath a floor of a timber building dating back nearly 1,800 years,” the university’s statement said. 

“Nearby, the team uncovered rarely found Roman pottery kilns, offering new insights into domestic life and industry in Roman Leicester.”

Archaeologists in Leicester unearthed relics just beneath a market square, revealing Roman burials and a “vile” dungeon. (Speller Metcalfe / University of Leicester)

Excavation leader Gavin Speed said his team found pottery, coins, jewelry and small mosaic cubes amid the Roman sediment, as well as some traces of Anglo-Saxon settlers.

But the most eyebrow-raising discovery was the remains of a 16th-century dungeon. It was once described in historical records as “a most vile prison.”

“We can see multiple market surfaces, each representing a different generation and some 800 years of market activity.”

“The dungeon is believed to have been part of the Gainsborough Chamber — a building first mentioned in records in 1533,” officials said. 

METAL DETECTORIST’S ‘FEELING’ LEADS TO MASSIVE ROMAN SETTLEMENT DISCOVERY IN POPULAR TOURIST HOTSPOT

“A high-status civic building, the chamber served as a venue for judicial proceedings, mayoral business, feasting and celebrations, until its demolition in around 1748.”

Speed said the redevelopment of the market square provides “a rare opportunity to investigate what lies beneath this important site.” 

Excavator digging beneath market square

Archaeologists compared the excavation to slicing through an “archaeological cake,” with layers from multiple generations. (University of Leicester)

“Leicester is one of the most archaeologically explored cities in the country, yet this particular area has remained relatively untouched — until now,” said Speed. 

“We anticipated finding evidence of Roman occupation, as the marketplace sits in what would have been the southeast corner of Roman Leicester, but the discoveries have surpassed our expectations.”

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Speed compared the entire excavation to “looking at a slice through an archaeological cake.”

He said, “We can see multiple market surfaces, each representing a different generation and some 800 years of market activity. We have even identified traces of former medieval market stalls, preserved as post-holes.”

“I hope we’ll be able to put some of the archaeologists’ remarkable finds on display for the public to enjoy too.”

Peter Soulsby, mayor of Leicester, emphasized the importance of “learn[ing] as much as we can” about the city’s past.

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“We’re very fortunate to have the expertise of ULAS in the city,” he said. “The work of their archaeologists is showing how this key site has been in use for thousands of years, with everyone from the Romans to the Victorians leaving traces of their existence behind them.”

Archaeologist writing on pad at excavation site

University of Leicester archaeologists are continuing their excavation work alongside ongoing construction redevelopment. (University of Leicester)

He added, “ULAS will continue to work alongside our contractors to extract as much information from the site as they can, and I hope we’ll be able to put some of the archaeologists’ remarkable finds on display for the public to enjoy too.”

Leicester is about 91 miles south of York, where archaeologists recently discovered the remains of a medieval hospital in a similar excavation.

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In June, a sinkhole in York yielded remnants of St. Leonard’s Hospital, built between the 12th and 13th centuries.

The ‘Schumer shutdown’ gives Trump an opportunity to reshape the government

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President Donald Trump is threatening significant layoffs of federal workers unless talks aimed at ending the “Schumer shutdown” show some progress. They’re not even close; as Senator John Kennedy posted on X: “You’d need an Excel spreadsheet to keep track of all the Senate Democrats’ demands for re-opening the government.”

What is the White House waiting for?

After all, Team Trump has been encouraging the downsizing of federal agencies since it took office. Just eight days after the president was inaugurated, the Office of Personnel Management sent an email inviting almost the entire federal workforce to resign. As of today, some 150,000 federal employees have taken advantage of the offer; most will be leaving their positions in coming weeks.

TRUMP SAYS GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN LAYOFFS ARE ‘UP TO’ DEMS AS STANDOFF CONTINUES

Democrats are horrified — at the threat of layoffs and at any attempt to shrink the government’s workforce. For them, every federal job is sacred, even as our debt spirals out of control.

This country was spending at an annualized rate of less than $5 trillion per year when COVID hit; that jumped almost overnight to more than $7 trillion, and we have never looked back. Everyone seems to agree that current spending levels are “unsustainable”, coming in at levels historically only seen during wars or national emergencies, but then our elected officials plow right ahead sustaining them.

Asked why the White House might take advantage of this opportunity to cut overhead, Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt answered, “Because we have an administration and we have a president who are wholeheartedly focused on restoring fiscal sanity to our government and doing the right thing by the American taxpayer.” 

Spending is popular and politically appealing; retrenchment is not. To its credit, the Trump administration has boldly attempted to cut waste and fraud, estimated by former President Joe Biden’s own General Accountability Office (GAO) to total $233 billion to $521 billion each year.

The public isn’t fooled. A survey done by the CATO Institute in April showed the public believes that the government “wastes 59¢ of every $1 it spends.” That’s quite an indictment and probably explains why 89 percent of respondents were in favor of auditing all government spending, in order to root out waste and fraud. Moreover, CATO found that “Americans Would Cut 40 Percent Across the Board.”

Alas, it’s not so easy, as Elon Musk found out. He took on reforming the government through the Department of Government Efficiency, which met with near-hysterical resistance from Democrats. Critics deride DOGE’s efforts, noting that federal spending continues to rise. That is true, but much of the increase in spending — like rising interest rates or Social Security — is beyond the reach of DOGE. 

The good news is that DOGE is still at it, working quietly behind the scenes to eliminate wasteful programs. Just recently, the group announced that “agencies terminated and descoped 94 wasteful contracts with a ceiling value of $8.5B and savings of $546M, including a $533k Dept. of Commerce consulting contract for ‘editing support services to the Fisheries Resource Division…’” In another post, DOGE cites the termination of 55 wasteful contracts…[costing hundreds of millions of dollars] including a $163k HHS education & training contract to “provide information on the 7 Habits of Highly Effective People…”

The liberal media tries to discredit DOGE’s work, but Musk’s previous team credibly argues their successes, calling one NPR article “careless at best, or malicious.” No one is surprised. 

Politicians tend to protect their pork. The GAO, while estimating that much of the taxpayer’s dime was flushed down the federal toilet, concluded that, “Given the scope of the problem, a government-wide approach is required to address it.” Shockingly, no one in the Biden White House lifted a finger.

Today, the Trump White House has a chance to eliminate more government jobs. They should grab it; it may not come again. In that CATO survey, more than half thought the government employed too many people; 62% would support trimming the federal workforce. That looks like a mandate.

They could start with some of the 441 federal agencies listed in the Federal Register, many of which the public has never even heard of, like the Administrative Conference of the United States, or the Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries.

Or how about the Chief Acquisition Officers Council, not to be confused with the Procurement Executive Council or the Federal Acquisition Council, a name change (that probably cost millions) “to provide greater flexibility and a more inclusive reach beyond procurement.”

Maybe the White House should shutter the Citizen’s Stamp Advisory Committee, which, according to the Federal register, “evaluates all stamp proposals.” Or maybe review The Denali Commission, which provides “critical utilities, infrastructure and economic support throughout Alaska.”

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Who would want to get rid of the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology, founded “in 1975 by the Statistical and Science Policy Branch … to assist in carrying out SSP/OMB’s role in setting and coordinating statistical policy.” What exactly is statistical policy?

Many of our government’s activities are well-meaning, but perhaps not essential, like the Japan-United States Friendship Commission, which “gives grants to stimulate engagement in business, educational, or cultural exchanges with Japan.” Aren’t we friendly with Japan already?

Similarly, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which “conducts and promotes objective research to inform public policy and debate” is perhaps unnecessary. We have hundreds of privately-financed think tanks and universities doing “objective” research.

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Over time, the federal government has morphed into a gigantic stew of special interest bureaus and agencies promoted by politicians who needed or wanted a favor — often a favor for their home state, in return for a crucial vote. That’s politics, but when there is never a culling of such activities, the stew becomes rancid, turning into an ungovernable mass. That’s where we are now.

The shutdown has sent even about one third of White House staffers home. The good news is that DOGE employees remain on the job. They have work to do.

Researcher solves mystery behind Shackleton’s Endurance ship sinking

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A researcher believes he’s cracked the mystery behind the sinking of Sir Ernest Shackleton’s legendary ship Endurance.

Part of one of the most famous Antarctic expeditions in history, Endurance set sail from England to the White Continent in August 1914.  On Jan. 18, 1915, the ship became frozen in place about 76 miles from the coast of Antarctica. 

Locked in sea ice for the next ten months, Endurance drifted slowly across the Weddell Sea until it sank on Nov. 21, 1915.

The ship is so famous because its sinking was disastrous, but not tragic – Shackleton guided all 27 crew members to safety and was able to slowly remove cargo, supplies and boats before the vessel sank.

DIVERS REVEAL IMAGES OF 321-YEAR-OLD SHIPWRECK IN REMARKABLE CONDITION OFF COAST

Researchers say new evidence shows Sir Ernest Shackleton’s Endurance sank from engineering flaws, not just crushing Antarctic ice pressure. (Bettmann via Getty Images; George Rinhart/Corbis via Getty Images)

In an Oct. 6 article in the journal Polar Record, Aalto University professor Jukka Tuhkuri argues that the culprit of the sinking lay not in the pressure of the ice, but in the ship’s structural weaknesses.

At the time, Endurance was regarded as nearly indestructible, but Tuhkuri’s research suggests its reputation was unwarranted.

The Finnish researcher argues the ship’s loss stemmed from deeper engineering flaws, not just damage to its rudder. The vessel was built for Arctic, but not quite Antarctic, conditions.

EERIE IMAGES SHOW CENTURY-OLD WRECK OF TITANIC’S SISTER SHIP AS DIVERS RECOVER ARTIFACTS FOR FIRST TIME

“While the final reason was tearing off the keel, Endurance sank because the vessel was simply crushed in compression by ice,” wrote Tuhkuri.

View of polar ice surrounding Endurance ship

“Endurance was not designed for compressive conditions in the Antarctic pack ice, but for easier conditions at the ice edge in the Arctic,” said Tuhkuri. (Frank Hurley/Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge/Getty Images)

“This is not surprising, Endurance was not designed for compressive conditions in the Antarctic pack ice, but for easier conditions at the ice edge in the Arctic.”

The polar engineering expert consulted letters from Shackleton and expedition diaries during his research, as well as conducting a structural analysis of the ship itself. 

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Its engine room lacked cross-beams to distribute compressive forces, and the hull had limited diagonal bracing, which left it vulnerable to side-to-side crushing by ice.

Shackleton smiling with his wife

Shackleton’s crew survived months stranded on ice after Endurance sank, a feat of leadership and endurance itself. (Underwood Archives/Getty Images)

“The weakest part of its hull was the engine room area, which was not only larger than in other early Antarctic ships but also lacked beams to give strength against compression by ice,” the article details. 

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“Comparison with other wooden polar ships is not favourable for Endurance: ships designed for compressive pack ice were stronger. It is also evident from archive research that Shackleton was well aware of the weaknesses of Endurance even before his expedition set sail for Antarctica.”

The research comes over three years after the remains of Endurance were found roughly 9,840 feet below the surface of the Weddell Sea in 2022.

Endurance leaning over while trapped in ice

Endurance drifted helplessly for ten months before the crushing force of ice tore through its hull. (Frank Hurley/Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge/Getty Images)

Mensun Bound, director of exploration for the Endurance22 expedition, called the vessel “by far the finest wooden shipwreck I have ever seen.”

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“It is upright, well proud of the seabed, intact, and in a brilliant state of preservation,” Bound reported. “You can even see ‘Endurance’ arced across the stern, directly below the taffrail.”

Julia Musto contributed reporting.

Portugal’s new ‘golden’ visa program sees 571% surge in US traffic interest

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With the increasing interest in “golden” visa programs, Portugal has now become the latest country to hop on the trend by exclusively targeting Americans. 

The LXL Ventures Fund offers a five-year residence-by-investment program for non-EU nationals. 

The special visa allows people to live, work and study in Portugal along with enjoying visa-free travel across the Schengen Area. 

AMERICA’S ELITE LEAD BOOM OF ‘GOLDEN’ VISA APPLICATIONS TO VACATION DESTINATION

Visas only require an average of seven days per year spent in Portugal, per the program. 

The specialized private equity fund offers “secure and familiar assets matching U.S. investor preference,” and “structure for NHR [Non-Habitual Resident tax] 2.0 compliance,” according to the fund’s website. 

Portugal has launched a new “golden” visa program that is aimed at wealthy Americans through the LXL Ventures Fund. (iStock)

Lisbon-based Vida Capital has seen a 571% increase in traffic from the U.S. in the first half of 2025 compared to the first half of 2024, Forbes reported. 

Portugal’s new program requires prospective visa holders to put about $500,000 into qualifying investment, venture capital funds and scientific or technological research.

POPULAR DESTINATION MAY EXPAND ‘GOLDEN’ VISA PERKS, OPENING MORE DOORS FOR WEALTHY

About $250,000 of that can be invested in cultural heritage preservation, or in creating at least 10 full-time jobs in Portugal, according to the country’s site. 

Lisbon, Portugal skyline at Alfama, the oldest district of the city.

The new “golden” visa allows people to live, work and study in Portugal along with enjoying visa-free travel across the Schengen Area.  (iStock)

Mo Bennis, an associate vice president at Arton Capital, a global financial advisory and consultancy firm, previously told Fox News Digital that Americans are realizing these special visas are “the ultimate insurance policy against uncertainty.”

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“[Golden visas] can open doors to privileges that money just can’t buy: freedom of movement, security for your family and access to opportunities around the world,” he said.

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Critics of “golden” visas argue these programs favor the affluent over ordinary people and can push up the prices of local housing.

Older couple at the Belém Tower in Lisbon, Portugal.

“The countries with the most smooth and streamlined processes are often the most popular,” said one expert.  (iStock)

“Portugal offers access to world-class healthcare and education within the EU, often at lower costs than in the U.S.,” Bennis said.

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He added, “The countries with the most smooth and streamlined processes are often the most popular.”

Million-dollar coins, ‘rare and extraordinary,’ are discovered in Florida shipwreck excavation

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Long-lost Spanish coins worth $1 million were discovered recently during an underwater excavation of a shipwreck, according to The Associated Press. 

The shipwreck salvage company 1715 Fleet – Queens Jewels LLC deployed excavators near Sebastian, Florida, on the Sunshine State’s so-called “Treasure Coast.”

A convoy of Spanish ships was carrying a variety of jewels taken from the New World and was sailing back to Spain.

DIVERS DISCOVER VINTAGE CAR IN WWII SHIPWRECK

On July 21, 1715, a hurricane struck — wrecking the ships and releasing their treasures into the sea, according to AP.

It’s believed that the coins of gold and silver were minted hundreds of years ago in Bolivia, Mexico and Peru, the same source noted.

Gold and silver coins worth some $1 million were found in Florida waters from Spanish ships that sank. (1715 Fleet – Queens Jewels, LLC via AP)

“The condition of the coins suggests they were part of a single chest or shipment that spilled when the ships broke apart in the hurricane’s fury,” the company said in a statement.

The salvage company’s director of operations, Sal Guttuso, said the discovery “is not only about the treasure itself, but the stories it tells.” 

The “recovery is both rare and extraordinary.”

Guttuso added, “Each coin is a piece of history, a tangible link to the people who lived, worked and sailed during the Golden Age of the Spanish Empire.”

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He said that “finding 1,000 of them in a single recovery is both rare and extraordinary.”

The Treasure Coast is a stretch of land in the southeast region of Florida consisting of St. Lucie, Martin and Indian River counties.

florida diver gold coin shipwreck recovery

The shipwreck salvage company 1715 Fleet – Queens Jewels LLC deployed excavators near Sebastian, Florida, on the Sunshine State’s “Treasure Coast.” (1715 Fleet – Queens Jewels, LLC via AP)

The area was given the name after shipwrecks full of treasure, beginning in the 1600s, occurred due to the reefs and isolated location, according to multiple sources. 

The coins will undergo conservation before they’re put on public display. 

Florida’s Rule 1A-31.090 states that when artifacts are recovered under a state permit, the Division of Historical Resources keeps up to 20% of the recovered artifacts for research or public viewing. 

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The remaining 80% may be shared with the salvagers.

“Every find helps piece together the human story of the 1715 fleet,” said Guttuso. 

Vero Beach, FL, aerial view

The Treasure Coast is a stretch of land in southeast Florida consisting of St. Lucie, Martin and Indian River counties. (Jeffrey Greenberg/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

He added, “We are committed to preserving and studying these artifacts, so future generations can appreciate their historical significance.”

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The Associated Press and Fox Weather’s Hayley Vawter contributed reporting. 

Meta’s leaked AI documents expose internal child safety training rules

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An internal Meta document sheds light on how the company is training its AI chatbot to handle one of the most sensitive issues online: child sexual exploitation. The newly unearthed guidelines detail what’s permitted and what’s strictly forbidden, offering a rare look into how Meta is shaping its AI behavior amid government scrutiny.

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META STRENGTHENS TEEN SAFETY WITH EXPANDED ACCOUNTS

Desktop page with an

Meta’s leaked AI guidelines show how contractors train chatbots to reject harmful requests. (Meta)

Why Meta’s AI chatbot guidelines matter

According to Business Insider, these rules are now in use by contractors testing Meta’s chatbot. They arrive just as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is investigating AI chatbot makers, including Meta, OpenAI, and Google, to understand how these companies design their systems and protect children from potential harm.

Earlier this year, we reported that Meta’s previous rules mistakenly allowed chatbots to engage in romantic conversations with children. Meta later removed that language, calling it an error. The updated guidelines mark a clear shift, now requiring chatbots to refuse any request for sexual roleplay involving minors.

CHATGPT MAY ALERT POLICE ON SUICIDAL TEENS

Smartphone screen with a circular listening indicator and

The rules forbid any sexual roleplay with minors, but still allow educational discussion of exploitation. (Meta)

What the leaked Meta AI documents reveal

The documents reportedly outline a strict separation between educational discussion and harmful roleplay. For example, chatbots may:

  • Discuss child exploitation in an academic or preventive context
  • Explain how grooming behaviors work in general terms
  • Provide non-sexual advice to minors about social challenges

But chatbots must not:

  • Describe or endorse sexual relationships between children and adults
  • Provide instructions for accessing child sexual abuse material (CSAM)
  • Engage in roleplay that portrays a character under 18
  • Sexualize children under 13 in any way

Meta’s communications chief Andy Stone told Business Insider that these rules reflect the company’s policy to prohibit sexualized or romantic roleplay involving minors, while adding that additional guardrails are also in place. We reached out to Meta for a comment to include in our article, but did not hear back before our deadline. 

META AI DOCS EXPOSED, ALLOWING CHATBOTS TO FLIRT WITH KIDS

Phone displaying a furry creature under an umbrella with a share sheet overlay showing contacts and apps.

New AI products revealed at Meta Connect 2025 make these safety standards even more important. (Meta)

Political pressure on Meta’s AI chatbot rules

The timing of these disclosures is key. In August, Sen. Josh Hawley, R-Mo., demanded that Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg hand over a 200-page rule book on chatbot behavior, along with internal enforcement manuals. Meta missed the first deadline but recently began providing documents, citing a technical issue. This comes as regulators worldwide debate how to ensure the safety of AI systems, particularly as they become integrated into everyday communication tools.

At the same time, the recent Meta Connect 2025 event showcased the company’s newest AI products, including Ray-Ban smart glasses with built-in displays and enhanced chatbot features. These announcements underscore how deeply Meta is integrating AI into daily life, making the recently revealed safety standards even more significant.

META ADDS TEEN SAFETY FEATURES TO INSTAGRAM, FACEBOOK 

How parents can protect their kids from AI risks

While Meta’s new rules may set stricter limits, parents still play a key role in keeping kids safe online. Here are steps you can take right now:

  • Talk openly about chatbots: Explain that AI tools are not people and may not always give safe advice.
  • Set usage boundaries: Require kids to use AI tools in shared spaces so you can monitor conversations.
  • Review privacy settings: Check app and device controls to limit who your child can chat with.
  • Encourage reporting: Teach kids to tell you if a chatbot says something confusing, scary, or inappropriate.
  • Stay updated: Follow developments from companies like Meta and regulators like the FTC so you know what rules are changing.

What this means for you

If you use AI chatbots, this story is a reminder that big tech companies are still figuring out how to set boundaries. While Meta’s updated rules may prevent the most harmful misuse, the documents show how easily gaps can appear and how much pressure it takes from regulators and journalists to close them.

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Kurt’s key takeaways

Meta’s AI guidelines show both progress and vulnerability. On the one hand, the company has tightened restrictions to protect children. On the other hand, the fact that earlier errors allowed questionable content at all reveals how fragile these safeguards can be. Transparency from companies and oversight from regulators will likely continue shaping how AI evolves.

Do you think companies like Meta are doing enough to keep AI safe for children, or should governments set stricter rules? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

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How to detect and remove malware from your infected Mac computer safely

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We trust Macs to be reliable, secure, and mostly resistant to viruses. Apple’s software reputation has long been built around the idea that macOS is harder to compromise than Windows. And while there is some truth to that, it does not mean that Macs are immune. Modern malware is smarter, more targeted, and often designed to slip past built-in defenses quietly. Recently, I heard from Jeffrey from Phoenix, AZ, who’s been dealing with this exact situation.

“I used a MacBook at work and noticed it was performing oddly. I didn’t use an Apple ID on that machine per company protocol. But I had personal devices that I could work from that are now infected. The notepad, maps, and home, among others, seem to be getting hung up. I’ve tried to advise Apple but have had little success. It’s completely taken over my devices, and I don’t know how to resolve this.”

If your Mac has started acting strange, you are not alone, Jeffrey. Malware infections are more common than many Mac users realize, and spotting them early can make all the difference. Let us break down how to tell if your system is compromised, what protections Apple already provides, and the steps you should take to keep your data safe. If you’re a Windows user facing similar issues, check out our guide: What to do if you think your PC has a virus for step-by-step help.

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WHY IPHONE USERS ARE THE NEW PRIME SCAM TARGETS

Hands typing on a laptop displaying green code on the screen.

Mac malware often hides in the background, making it hard to spot at first. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

Signs your Mac might be infected

Spotting malware on macOS is not always straightforward. Many threats are designed to stay hidden, running quietly in the background while collecting data or opening a backdoor for attackers. Still, there are a few red flags that usually signal something is wrong.

One of the first signs is slower performance or frequent overheating. If your Mac suddenly takes a long time to boot, runs hot during light tasks, or lags when performing simple actions, it might be doing more behind the scenes than you realize. Apps that crash or freeze more often than usual are another warning sign. Occasional app failures are normal, but if built-in tools like Safari, Notes, or Mail begin acting unstable, it may point to malicious interference.

It is also worth paying attention to what is happening under the hood. Checking Activity Monitor for unknown processes or unusually high CPU or memory usage can reveal malware that tries to hide itself with random or unfamiliar names. Redirected web traffic is another classic symptom. If your browser takes you to strange websites, shows pop-ups, or installs new extensions you never approved, adware or spyware might already be present.

Finally, unexplained changes to your security settings should always raise suspicion. If you notice your firewall turned off, privacy permissions modified, or login items appearing without your knowledge, something could have gained unauthorized control of your system.

SHAMOS MALWARE TRICKS MAC USERS WITH FAKE FIXES

Apple logo glows on the front of an Apple Store building at night.

Strange app behavior, pop-ups, or overheating may signal something’s wrong (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How macOS protects you by default

Apple has built several layers of defense into macOS, many of which run silently in the background to keep your system secure. Knowing how they work can help you understand what protections are already in place and where you might still need to add more safeguards.

Gatekeeper is one of the most important built-in security tools. It checks every app before it runs to make sure it comes from a verified developer, warning or blocking you if the app is not trusted. Another layer of defense is XProtect, Apple’s built-in malware scanner. It updates automatically and can stop many known threats from running, although it is not as thorough as specialized antivirus software.

System Integrity Protection, or SIP, is another important safeguard. It locks down critical system files and processes so that malware cannot tamper with them even if it gains access. macOS also uses sandboxing and strict permission controls to contain threats. Apps run in isolated environments and must explicitly request permission to access sensitive data such as your camera, files, or location.

Together, these features make it significantly harder for malicious software to infect your Mac or cause serious damage. However, they are not perfect. Attackers are constantly developing new techniques to bypass these protections, and many threats rely on human error rather than technical exploits. That is why taking additional precautions is still essential, even on a Mac.

10 WAYS TO SECURE YOUR OLDER MAC FROM THREATS AND MALWARE

Person typing on a laptop at a desk with computer monitors in the background.

Even Apple’s built-in protections can miss new or advanced threats (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

What to do if your Mac is already infected

If you find yourself dealing with a Mac that’s already compromised these steps can help you get back in control:

1) Disconnect from the internet immediately

Unplug Ethernet or turn off Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. This prevents malware from sending more data out or pulling in additional malicious code.

2) Back up your important files safely

Use an external drive or cloud service you trust. Avoid copying entire system folders-just grab personal documents, photos, and files you can’t replace. You don’t want to back up the malware along with them.

3) Boot into Safe Mode

Restart your Mac and hold the Shift key. Safe Mode prevents some malware from launching and makes it easier to run cleanup tools.

4) Run a trusted malware removal tool

While macOS includes XProtect, you may need something more powerful. A strong antivirus program can detect and remove infections. Run a full system scan to catch hidden threats.

5 PHONE SETTINGS TO CHANGE RIGHT NOW FOR A SAFER SMARTPHONE

5) Check your login items and Activity Monitor

Review what apps are set to launch at startup and remove anything you don’t recognize. If you spot unfamiliar processes hogging resources, don’t just guess. Use our guides at Cyberguy.com/LockUpYourTech to compare what’s safe and learn how to shut down anything suspicious before it causes more trouble.

6) Consider a clean reinstall of macOS

If malware persists, wiping your system may be the only option. Erase your Mac’s drive and reinstall macOS from scratch. Restore only the clean files you backed up earlier.

7) Secure your other devices

If your iPhone, iPad, or other personal devices are showing strange behavior, run security scans, update their software, and reset key passwords. Malware can sometimes spread through shared Wi-Fi networks, cloud accounts, or files.

8) Reset key passwords and enable two-factor authentication

Even after cleanup, assume some of your data may have been exposed. Update your Apple ID, email, banking, and work accounts with strong, unique passwords. Turn on 2FA wherever possible.

9) Get professional help if needed

If you’re overwhelmed, you can bring your Mac to an Apple Store for in-person help at the Genius Bar, or schedule a free appointment with Apple Support.

Person working on a MacBook at a white desk with a smartphone and pen nearby.

Simple steps like scanning, updating, and using strong passwords can keep your data safe (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

7 ways to keep your Mac from getting infected

Some cyber threats do not reveal themselves immediately. Scammers often collect small bits of data over time or wait weeks before trying to use what they have stolen. These steps can help you strengthen your defenses and reduce the chances of future infections.

1) Install strong antivirus software

macOS’s built-in protections are useful but basic. A strong antivirus adds an extra layer by detecting threats in real time, blocking malicious downloads, and even identifying new types of malware before they spread. A strong antivirus also scans email attachments and browser activity, areas where many Mac users are most vulnerable.

The best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware, potentially accessing your private information, is to have strong antivirus software installed on all your devices. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe.

Get my picks for the best 2025 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android & iOS devices at Cyberguy.com/LockUpYourTech 

2) Consider a personal data removal service

Many cyberattacks begin with information freely available online. A data removal service scrubs your personal details from broker sites, reducing the chances of targeted attacks or identity theft. While no service can guarantee the complete removal of your data from the internet, a data removal service is really a smart choice.  They aren’t cheap, and neither is your privacy.  These services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites.  It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet.  By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.

Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com/Delete

Get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web: Cyberguy.com/FreeScan

GOOGLE FIXES ANOTHER CHROME SECURITY FLAW BEING ACTIVELY EXPLOITED

3) Use a password manager

Many malware attacks rely on stolen credentials rather than technical exploits. A password manager stores unique, complex passwords for every account and can automatically flag weak or reused ones. It also helps protect you from phishing attempts because it will only autofill passwords on legitimate websites.

Next, see if your email has been exposed in past breaches. Our #1 password manager (see Cyberguy.com/Passwords) pick includes a built-in breach scanner that checks whether your email address or passwords have appeared in known leaks. If you discover a match, immediately change any reused passwords and secure those accounts with new, unique credentials. 

Check out the best expert-reviewed password managers of 2025 at Cyberguy.com/Passwords

4) Enable two-factor authentication

Even if someone steals your password, two-factor authentication (2FA) makes it much harder for them to access your accounts. It adds an extra step to the login process, requiring a code from your phone or a security key.

5) Keep macOS and apps updated

Outdated software is a common entry point for malware. Updates often patch vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit, so turning on automatic updates for both macOS and third-party apps is an easy but effective defense.

6) Review login items and background processes

Malware often tries to run at startup so it can operate undetected. Regularly check System Settings to make sure only trusted apps are launching automatically, and use Activity Monitor to investigate anything suspicious.

7) Use identity theft protection

If your personal data has already been exposed, an identity theft protection service can monitor for suspicious activity, alert you to breaches, and help you recover quickly if something does go wrong. Identity Theft companies can monitor personal information like your Social Security Number (SSN), phone number, and email address, and alert you if it is being sold on the dark web or being used to open an account.  They can also assist you in freezing your bank and credit card accounts to prevent further unauthorized use by criminals. 

See my tips and best picks on how to protect yourself from identity theft at Cyberguy.com/IdentityTheft 

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Kurt’s key takeaway

Macs have a reputation for being safer than other computers, but that does not mean they are untouchable. Malware has evolved to target macOS more aggressively than ever, and many attacks now rely on tricking users rather than breaking through security software. If your device is behaving strangely, taking action early is the best way to prevent deeper damage.

How important is cybersecurity when choosing the devices you use every day? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

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Get my best tech tips, urgent security alerts, and exclusive deals delivered straight to your inbox. Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide – free when you join my CYBERGUY.COM/NEWSLETTER

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Pharaoh bracelet stolen for $4,025 as tourists warned about safety tips in Egypt

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The international spotlight recently turned to crime in Egypt when a pharaoh’s priceless bracelet was stolen from a Cairo museum and melted down – forever lost to history.

The artifact once belonged to Pharaoh Usermaatre Amenemope, a ruler from the Third Intermediate Period.

Dating back 3,000 years, the bracelet was stolen by a specialist at the Egyptian Museum’s restoration laboratory and sold for around $4,000 this month.

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Authorities tracked down all parties involved – including the jewelers and foundry workers who touched the bracelet – and arrested them, but not in time to save the precious object.

Though this was not directly a tourist-targeted incident, the incident has raised concerns about crime in Egypt – and might make some rethink upcoming trips to the Gift of the Nile. 

Egyptian authorities recently announced the theft of a gold and lapis lazuli bracelet once owned by Pharaoh Amenemope. (Chesnot/Getty Images; Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)

Fox News Digital spoke to experts about how to stay safe in Egypt – here’s what they said. 

Security expert’s take: Stay alert

To American eyes, the sale of Amenemope’s bracelet for around $4,000 seems a shockingly low sum – but in Egypt, that amount is worth a fortune.

A 2023 report from CAPMAS, Egypt’s official national statistics agency, said the average monthly salary for public and private sector employees was around 5,005 Egyptian pounds per month – less than $160 U.S. dollars.

Threat management expert Spencer Coursen told Fox News Digital that poverty in Egypt creates “an environment in which opportunistic crime thrives.”

TOURISTS FACE DANGEROUS ‘CRUSH-AND-GRAB’ PICKPOCKET SCHEMES IN MAJOR CITY

He said, “For many locals, hustling tourists is seen less as ‘crime’ and more as ‘survival.’ This is why visitors often experience aggressive street vendors, taxi scams or ‘guides’ demanding tips after offering unsolicited help.”

A former U.S. Army Ranger and founder of Coursen Security Group, Coursen said tourists need to be on high alert against pickpocketing, scams, overcharging and harassment – particularly street harassment against women.

Egypt tourist couple looking at red sea

Experts warn that tourists in Egypt are more likely to face scams and harassment than violent crime. (iStock)

“Pickpocketing in crowded markets, taxi overcharging and aggressive sales tactics are much more common than armed robbery or assault,” the Texas-based expert said. “Egypt also has unique risks tied to regional instability and terrorism, particularly in the Sinai Peninsula and occasionally in major cities.”

He went on, “Most of the time, these risks are generally targeted at security forces or political symbols rather than tourists. Still, they shape the overall security environment in ways that make Egypt distinct.”

ARCHAEOLOGISTS UNCOVER MULTISTORY BUILDINGS IN ONCE-THRIVING CITY LOST TO TIME

Egyptian police are plentiful, the security expert noted, but they’re primarily focused on deterring larger threats like terrorism — making their effectiveness “mixed” when it comes to petty crime against tourists.

“The country’s security forces operate in a system in which corruption, bureaucracy and low pay limit accountability,” said Coursen. “Small bribes are frequently used to expedite processes or avoid hassle and are not uncommon.”

“The safest traveler is one who looks confident, maintains boundaries and knows when to say no.”

“This doesn’t mean visitors are unsafe, but it does mean enforcement isn’t always as consistent or impartial as what Western travelers might expect.”

Rather than rely on police, tourists should sharpen their street smarts and avoid dicey situations.

“Westerners in Egypt are less likely to face violent threats and more likely to face persistent distractions,” he said. 

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“The safest traveler is one who looks confident, maintains boundaries and knows when to say no.”

Coursen added that tourists should carry color copies of their passports, small denominations of change rather than credit cards, and medication for food-related illnesses, as water quality is less reliable compared to that of the U.S.

Middle aged couple smiling near egypt landmark

Security professionals say tourists stand out in Egypt, making flashy jewelry or luxury items risky choices. (iStock)

“Egypt rewards those who arrive informed, alert and adaptable,” he said. “Avoid obvious risks, prepare for the predictable challenges, and you’ll be free to enjoy one of the most extraordinary destinations on earth.”

Coursen’s 4 main takeaways 

The security expert boiled down his advice to four key points.

1. Stick to populated, well-lit areas, especially after dark. Avoid empty alleys and isolated spaces, where tourists become easy targets.

2. As a Westerner, you will already stand out, so don’t add unnecessary attention with flashy jewelry, designer handbags or revealing clothing.

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PARTY-TOWN BUILDING AND RELICS PULLED OUT IN OCEAN DISCOVERY

3. Lead with “No, thank you.” Many scams begin when a tourist agrees to accept a presumed kindness over something trivial, which then escalates into a demand for money.

4. Being mindful of local customs, plus how you dress, how you negotiate and how you interact will not only help you to avoid conflict; it will also earn you local respect.

Other expert opinions

Bobby Laurie, a Washington, D.C.-based travel expert, told Fox News Digital he “never felt unsafe while touring Egypt.”

The former flight attendant said he felt secure in his travels to many different regions and cities in Egypt – but he did caution that Cairo is especially busy and congested. He compared the overpopulation and condensed cities to what he’s seen in Central America.

“One of the things I was not prepared for … is the culture around the merchants selling items outside of temples and other attractions.”

“One of the things I was not prepared for — and to me, this could be something that makes tourists uneasy and possibly feel unsafe — is the culture around the merchants selling items outside of temples and other attractions,” he said.  

“The merchants were everywhere, around you, in your face. Some pushed and pulled, hoping to get you in their store.”

For more Lifestyle articles, visit foxnews.com/lifestyle

“There were many, many merchants outside each and every tourist attraction, and they are very aggressive,” he added. He compared it to being a celebrity hounded by paparazzi.

“You quickly learn that this is just the way it is, but at first, it’s alarming,” said Laurie. “The intensity varied at each stop, and this is one of those situations where you’d want to watch your belongings just because your attention is constantly being diverted.”

Crowds in Cairo bazaar

Tourists should stay in well-lit, populated areas and avoid situations that create easy targets for criminals. (iStock)

He also said tourist groups tend to have armed security around them — bringing some assurance to those who have booked tour guides.

“From the looks of it, it would appear unsafe because why would this officer be with you?” Laurie observed. 

For more Lifestyle articles, visit foxnews.com/lifestyle

“However, most of them are there to assist tourists with navigating the city, assist with crossing roads …. The lines on roadways are just for show! In Egypt, they mean nothing.”

Tourist inspecting item at egyptian merchant stall

“There were many, many merchants outside each and every tourist attraction, and they are very aggressive,” said one travel expert (not pictured).  (iStock)

Katy Nastro, a spokesperson for the Colorado-based travel company Going, confirmed to Fox News Digital that main issues in Egypt include haggling, aggression from vendors and unwanted attention toward women.

The travel expert urged tourists to keep their eyes out for law enforcement, including those that have “Tourism and Antiquities Police” badges at tourist sites.

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“They are based at all major tourism sites, and can be reached by dialing 126,” advised Nastro.

Bipartisan lawmakers vow to skip paychecks during government shutdown

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A growing number of lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have declared they’re forgoing their paychecks as the government shutdown drags on.

The federal government has been shut down for nearly a week after Senate Democrats rejected Republicans’ plan to fund agencies through Nov. 21 multiple times.

Reps. Chip Roy, R-Texas, Ashley Hinson, R-Iowa, Tom Barrett, R-Mich., Mariannette Miller-Meeks, R-Iowa, and Rob Bresnahan, R-Pa., are among the Republicans who wrote to the Chief Administrative Officer of the U.S. House of Representatives asking for their pay to be withheld during a shutdown.

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Reps. Chip Roy, left, and Ashley Hinson, right have asked for their salaries to be withheld during a shutdown, while Sen. Lindsey Graham, center, has said he would donate his. (Kent Nishimura/Getty Images; Amir Levy/Getty Images; Scott Olson/Getty Images)

Democrats like Reps. Josh Gottheimer, D-N.J., and Lou Correa, D-Calif., have requested the same.

But lawmakers requesting their pay be withheld cannot forgo it altogether, because federal law requires them to be paid.

Article I of the Constitution states, “The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.”

Further, the 27th Amendment prevents any changes to congressional pay until after the next election.

GOP ACCUSES DEMS OF RISKING SHUTDOWN TO RESTORE ‘ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT HEALTHCARE’

Rep. Josh Gottheimer

Rep. Josh Gottheimer speaks after the Democratic gubernatorial debate at Rider University in Lawrenceville, N.J., on Feb. 2, 2025.  (Mike Catalini/AP)

Most House and Senate lawmakers are paid $174,000 yearly — a figure that has not changed since 2009 — while members of congressional leadership can earn more.

A source familiar with the matter told Fox News Digital that members of Congress can elect to have their pay withheld until a shutdown is over, but they must receive that as backpay when the government is funded again.

Meanwhile, Rep. Joe Morelle, D-N.Y., the top Democrat on the Committee for House Administration, told Bloomberg Government last week that those checks can go into an account separate from lawmakers’ usual salaries. He told the outlet, “It’s an administrative way of withholding pay for people who choose to.”

Capitol building with falling money

The government is in a partial shutdown after Congress failed to reach an agreement on federal funding. (Getty Images)

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Congressional staffers, meanwhile, automatically miss paychecks if their pay period falls during a government shutdown — but that is also backpaid when the shutdown ends.

Some lawmakers, like Sens. Ashley Moody, R-Fla., and Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., have announced they would donate their paychecks for the duration of the shutdown.

“Each day the government remains closed, I will be donating my salary to the Crisis Center of Tampa Bay, which provides help to vulnerable populations who may be impacted by this reckless choice,” Moody said in a statement last week.

Israel denies Greta Thunberg’s claims of mistreatment

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Greta Thunberg’s alleged claims that she sat for hours on hard surfaces in a bedbug-infested Israeli jail while denied adequate food and water have been blasted by Israel’s Foreign Ministry as “brazen lies.”

According to correspondence from the Swedish Foreign Ministry, seen by The Guardian, Thunberg told officials she developed rashes possibly caused by bedbugs. 

The activist was also said to have complained of dehydration.

A letter shared with Thunberg’s parents also reportedly said she described “harsh and exhausting” treatment after she was detained by Israeli forces during her Gaza-bound Global Sumud Flotilla aid expedition.

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Swedish activist Greta Thunberg sits at an unknown location, after Israel intercepted the vessels of the Global Sumud Flotilla aiming to reach Gaza and break Israel’s naval blockade, in this handout image released on October 3, 2025. (ISRAEL FOREIGN MINISTRY/Handout via REUTERS)

In a statement shared Sunday on X, an Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesperson said all detainees’ “legal rights were fully upheld.” 

They insisted that Thunberg “did not complain to Israeli authorities about any of these ludicrous and baseless allegations because they never occurred.”

Greta Thunberg, wearing a black shirt and keffiyeh scarf, sits near an Israeli soldier in tactical gear.

Climate activist Greta Thunberg sits near an Israeli soldier after naval forces intercepted a Gaza-bound flotilla. (Israel Foreign Ministry)

The Israeli Foreign Ministry also called the reports “brazen lies” and emphasized that detainees had access to food, water, legal counsel and medical care.

Court documents from an Oct. 5 hearing before Israel’s Population and Migration Tribunal appear to support the official account, per local media reports, showing she requested deportation to Sweden but made no formal complaint of mistreatment while in custody.

In another post on X, the ministry shared that one Spanish detainee from Thunberg’s Flotilla allegedly bit a female medical staff member at Ketziot Prison.

GRETA THUNBERG FLOTILLA WON’T BE UNLOADING ANYTHING ON GAZA’S BEACHES, WARNS EXPERT

Israel’s National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir described the flotilla participants as “supporters of terrorism,” saying he was “proud they experienced the same conditions as terrorist detainees.”

Thunberg, 22, was among roughly 450 activists from more than a dozen countries detained after the Israeli navy intercepted the 42-boat Global Sumud Flotilla on October 1. 

Greta Thunberg speaking into a microphone

Climate activist Greta Thunberg with other activists from a human rights organization met with journalists in Catania, Italy ahead of their departure for the Mideast.  (AP)

The convoy, which departed from Turkey a day earlier, sought to breach Israel’s maritime blockade of Gaza and deliver symbolic humanitarian aid.

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Other activists, such as Turkish journalist and flotilla participant Ersin Çelik, told Anadolu Agency that guards “dragged little Greta by her hair, beat her, and forced her to kiss the Israeli flag.”

Fox News Digital reached out to the Swedish Foreign Ministry and the Israeli Foreign Ministry for comment.