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How AI could manipulate voters and undermine elections, threatening democracy

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It’s common knowledge that technology had a role in swaying voters in the 2016 and 2020 elections.

To add an additional layer of complications to the upcoming elections in the U.S., artificial intelligence will likely play a heavier hand. 

While AI has been utilized in a multitude of ways in society, there are growing concerns about the use of generative AI during this election season, which may manipulate voters and undermine the elections.

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generative AI

Illustration of generative AI   (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

What is generative AI?

Generative AI is artificial intelligence that is capable of generating photos, written information and other data based on models that learn and process raw data as well as through user prompts.

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)?

How can generative AI be misused in this year’s election?

For every candidate who is using AI as a cost-saving measure, there are those who can use it for more malicious purposes. While AI can be used to distinguish and exclude ineligible voters from registries as well as signature matches, it may end up suppressing voters by knowingly or unknowingly removing those who are actually eligible.

Chatbots and algorithms can be used to drum up incorrect information to voters, which can sway them against certain candidates. In the worst-case scenario, AI can amplify hot-button issues and potentially stir up violence.

ELECTION bALLOT

A hand putting in a ballot   (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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How tech and AI companies are failing to protect election integrity

Tech companies aren’t investing in election integrity initiatives. AI companies don’t have the connections and funding to manage any risks involved with how their tools get utilized for elections. This means that there is less and less human oversight on what AI generates as well as how the AI-generated information gets used.

The very nature of the American Constitution could be in direct conflict with AI during this election season as free speech is part of the very fabric of American ideals, yet preventing and stopping misinformation is crucial to ensure a fair election.

Not only is the classic mud-slinging of candidates likely, but other countries, such as China, Iran and Russia, have recently been caught trying to use content created with AI to manipulate U.S. voters.

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voters

Voters lined up to vote at the polls   (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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Ways to prevent misuse of AI

Social media has undoubtedly changed the way election campaigns are run. Various platforms have their own processes in place to deal with election information and misinformation. YouTube has changed its policy and states: “We will stop removing content that advances false claims that widespread fraud, errors, or glitches occurred in the 2020 and other past US Presidential elections.”

YouTube’s parent company, Alphabet, requires election advertisers to prominently disclose when their ads include realistic synthetic content that has been digitally altered or generated, including by AI tools. Over the coming months, YouTube will also require creators to disclose when they have created realistic altered or synthetic content and will display a label that indicates to people that the content they’re watching is synthetic. 

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Meta, which owns Facebook, Instagram and Threads, will put labels on images and ads that were made with AI, in order to help people know what is real and what is not, and to stop false or harmful information from spreading, especially during elections.

Several states have passed laws regulating the use of political deepfakes, including California, Michigan, Minnesota, Texas and Washington.

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Kurt’s key takeaways

While there will always be the potential for AI to be misused in any facet of society, it seems most alarming if it will impact our democracy. With the awareness of potential misuse by pundits and voters alike, there is a chance that it will encourage more critical thinking by voters who will be viewing election candidates, issues and information with a more critical eye. That can make people more apt to do their own research than just absorb what they are being “fed” online or offline. And since America’s election system isn’t centralized, it will be harder for AI to be misused as votes are managed at the local level. At the end of the day, your vote will still matter.

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What are your biggest concerns regarding the use of AI during this year’s election? Do you think you’ll see or feel the impact? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

For more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter.

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Want to stop smoking for good? CDC launches new campaign with free resources to quit

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The CDC is not taking any more butts when it comes to smoking.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has launched the 2024 version of its federally funded national tobacco education campaign to help more people quit smoking — with a special aim at menthol cigarettes.

“The CDC’s Tips campaign is designed to increase smoking cessation awareness and intervention in populations with high smoking rates and poorer health outcomes, including those living with mental illness,” Dr. Lama Bazzi, a psychiatrist in private practice in New York City, told Fox News Digital.  

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“[The program] relies on testimonials given by people from the target communities, making the content relatable and increasing the utilization of the free resources the campaign makes available,” added Bazzi, who is not associated with the CDC.

The CDC’s campaign, which first launched in 2012, features stories and tips from former smokers who kicked a really bad habit.  

The CDC has launched the 2024 version of its federally funded national tobacco education campaign to help more people quit smoking. (iStock)

The dangers of smoking

Cigarette smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease, disability and death in the U.S., the CDC noted in a recent press release.

“Addictive drugs alter mood and are often compulsively taken despite the illness they cause,” Lori Karan, M.D., professor of internal medicine and preventive medicine at Loma Linda University in Loma Linda, California, told Fox News Digital.

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“Nicotine is psychoactive in that it can be stimulating, relaxing, pleasurable and helpful [in reducing] stress and anxiety — especially when it counteracts its own withdrawal,” added Karan, who is a national expert in addiction medicine.

It is not nicotine but rather the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer, heart disease and lung disease, she said.

Quit smoking

The CDC’s campaign, which originated in 2012, features stories and tips from former smokers who kicked the habit.   (iStock)

Menthol cigarettes carry a higher health risk than regular cigarettes, according to the CDC.

Menthol is a chemical found naturally in plants, like peppermint — but it can also be produced in a lab.

Almost all cigarettes sold in the U.S. contain some degree of menthol, but cigarettes specifically marketed as “menthol” usually have more of the chemical in them.

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“Menthol is an anesthetic,” Karan said. “The cooling sensation makes it easier to inhale more deeply.”

Due to the way menthol interacts with and enhances nicotine, people who use menthol cigarettes are more likely to accumulate toxins in the furthest part of their lungs, the doctor warned.

Menthol smokers are also more likely to continue smoking, she said, which puts them at a greater risk of developing tobacco-related diseases. 

Menthol cigarettes

Menthol smokers are more likely to continue smoking, an expert said, which puts them at a greater risk of developing tobacco-related diseases.  (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu, File)

It can be more difficult for people who smoke menthol cigarettes to quit successfully compared to people who smoke non-menthol cigarettes, the CDC noted in the press release.

In 2021, sales of menthol-flavored cigarettes reached 37% of all cigarette sales in the U.S. — the highest share recorded since 1963, according to the CDC website.

Real stories of former smokers

In the new batch of stories, the CDC is highlighting Ethan B., 59, who started smoking cigarettes at age 10 and later started smoking menthol cigarettes when he joined the Army at age 18.

“I wanted to look cool and be cool,” he told the CDC. “All the billboards said it was cool.”

Cigarette smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease, disability and death in the U.S. 

Since quitting in 2020, Ethan B. said he has come to realize that the tobacco ads that appealed to him while he was growing up were misleading. (The CDC did not share the participants’ last names.)

The CDC also featured Elizabeth B., 62, who started smoking menthol cigarettes at age 18. 

She was later diagnosed with smoking-related peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Woman vaping

It often takes several attempts and the right combination of medication, nicotine replacement therapy and counseling to permanently succeed at quitting, an expert said. (iStock)

(PAD is when the arteries that supply blood flow to the legs get blocked, so people have difficulty walking without pain or cramping.)

“If I had never smoked that first cigarette, I may not have lit the fuse for PAD,” she told the CDC. “My goal is to help other young people to never start smoking.”

Tips to kick the habit 

The CDC recommends developing a personal plan to quit. The first step is to choose a quit date.

By the time the date arrives, make sure all cigarettes — including lighters, matches and ashtrays — are removed from the home, car and work areas, the agency says.

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It’s also important to be aware of common triggers that will tempt people to light up a cigarette. 

“During the first few weeks of quitting, try to avoid situations where you will be tempted to smoke and where cigarettes are available,” the CDC advises on its website.

This may require that people avoid friends or co-workers when they smoke.

People should also find ways to distract themselves when they get the urge to light up.

Tobacco smoke

It’s important to be aware of common triggers that will tempt you to light up a cigarette, the CDC said. (iStock)

The agency recommends making a list of activities that might work for you — in lieu of smoking — before quitting.

Some examples might be listening to your favorite music, going for a walk, playing a video game or simply watching a video on your phone that makes you laugh.

When you do get the urge to light a cigarette, one idea is to find a substitute, like toothpicks, straws or cinnamon sticks, that will keep your mouth and hands busy.

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Quitting is not easy and there will be times when people will have a craving for a cigarette, the agency noted.

The urge will disappear within minutes for most individuals and will grow weaker over time, the CDC says. 

Medications to help people quit

For some, medications can be helpful in reducing the compulsion to smoke.

“Individuals trying to quit should speak to their health care provider about medications that can help them quit,” Bazzi said. “Do not give up.”

It often takes several attempts and the right combination of medication, nicotine replacement therapy and counseling to succeed permanently at quitting, she said.

Woman walking

The CDC recommends making a list of activities that might work for you, in lieu of smoking, such as going for a refreshing walk outside. (iStock)

One example is John B., 61, one of the CDC’s featured quitters. He smoked his first cigarette at age 8.

He tried different ways of quitting, including acupuncture, hypnosis and going “cold turkey” — but could never go one full day without smoking.

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Then he found a doctor who could relate to his struggles. The physician had quit smoking himself.

The doctor prescribed two smoking cessation medicines, including a nicotine inhaler, and recommended counseling. 

At age 38, John B. was finally able to quit for good.

doctor with patient

“Individuals trying to quit should speak to their health care provider about medications that can help them quit,” a doctor said. (iStock)

A combination of medicines is often most effective, according to the CDC.

The most common combination is wearing a nicotine patch, which delivers a steady level of nicotine to the body, along with either the nicotine lozenge or gum for fast-acting relief during cravings.

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People can also call the free hotline 1-800-QUIT-NOW to speak confidentially with a quit coach without any judgment.

Fox News Digital reached out to the CDC for additional comment on the Tips campaign. 

For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health.

Philippines accuses China of dangerous maneuvers near Scarborough Shoal

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MANILA (Reuters) – The Philippines’ coast guard (PCG) on Sunday accused China of “dangerous and blocking” maneuvers while its vessel patrolled near Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea this month.

Manila’s coast guard said in a statement that on a nine-day patrol near the shoal by its 97-metre (318-foot) vessel BRP Teresa Magbanua, four Chinese coast guard (CCG) vessels had shadowed the boat more than 40 times.

Four Chinese maritime militia vessels were also present near the shoal, the PCG said.

The Chinese embassy in Manila did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the accusations. The embassy was shut for the weekend.

Located within the Philippines’ exclusive economic zone (EEZ), Scarborough shoal is also claimed by China, making it one of Asia’s most contested maritime features and a flashpoint for flare-ups.

The PCG said its vessel was in the area to protect Filipino fishermen “from further harassment” in their traditional fishing ground.

“The CCG vessels performed dangerous and blocking maneuvers at sea against BRP Teresa Magbanua four times, with the CCG vessels crossing the bow of the PCG vessel twice,” it said, adding that the Chinese vessels had “recklessly” disregarded international rules on preventing collisions at sea.

China claims almost the entire South China Sea, a conduit for more than $3 trillion in annual ship commerce. Its territorial claims overlap with the EEZs of the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei.

In 2016, the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the Hague said China’s claims had no legal basis, a decision Beijing has rejected.

(Reporting by Mikhail Flores; Editing by Sonali Paul)

Jelly Roll says Taylor Swift has had an ‘incredible impact on the NFL’ ahead of Super Bowl: ‘The queen’

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Jelly Roll shared his thoughts on the effect that Taylor Swift has had on the NFL this season ahead of Super Bowl LVIII.

While speaking with Fox News Digital on the red carpet at Michael Rubin’s Fanatics Super Bowl Party, the 39-year-old country singer raved about the attention that the 34-year-old pop star has brought to the league due to her relationship with Kansas City Chiefs tight end Travis Kelce.

“Taylor’s had an incredible impact on the NFL, and I think we should do more of that for what it’s worth.,” Jelly Roll said on Saturday. 

Jelly Roll shared his opinion on Taylor Swift’s impact on the NFL. ( Kevin Mazur/Getty Images for The Recording Academy)

He continued, “There should be more cross-collateralization like that. So I thought it was really cool. It was always cool. Plus, Taylor’s the queen. Absolutely. No way to deny it.”

JELLY ROLL ON HIS COUNTRY MUSIC TAKEOVER: ‘I FOUND MY VOICE

Since the 14-time Grammy Award winner began attending Kelce’s games last fall, viewership and merchandise sales have soared. 

Eric Smallwood, president of Apex Marketing Group, told Fox News Digital that Swift has generated $331.5 million in equivalent brand value, or EBV, for Kelce’s football team and the NFL as of Jan. 22. Apex Marketing Group, which started tracking Swift’s impact on the NFL, noted the starting value was $166 million in October.

taylor swift embracing jelly roll at the grammys

The country star said “Taylor’s had an incredible impact on the NFL.” (John Shearer/Getty Images for The Recording Academy)

In addition, Swift’s presence at the games and support of the Chiefs has helped the NFL attract a new fanbase, many of whom are teenage girls, according to CBS. The outlet reported that there has been a 53% increase — since the start of the football season — of girls between the ages of 12-17 who have been opting to watch NFL games.

Swift is expected to attend the Super Bowl matchup between the San Francisco 49ers and the Kansas City Chiefs at the Allegient Stadium in Las Vegas, Nevada on Sunday. 

On Saturday, the Associated Press reported that the “Blank Space” hitmaker quickly departed on a flight back to the United States after finishing her Eras Tour show in Tokyo, Japan on Friday night.

Taylor Swift in a red sweater holds onto Travis Kelce on the field after his big win split Swift hols Kelces face and kisses him

Swift has been cheering on her boyfriend Travis Kelce since September. (Getty Images)

Jelly Roll will also be watching the Big Game from the stands in addition to starring in two Super Bowl ads.

Last weekend, the “Son of a Sinner” singer told Fox News Digital, “I got a Super Bowl ad with Uber Eats. That’s the wildest thing happening with me right now.”

In the ad, Jelly Roll is putting away items in a bathroom when he sees himself in a mirror and looks shocked at his tattooed appearance, declaring that “they’re everywhere … and they’re horrible!”

“You know they say there’s a little bit of truth in every joke? There you go,” he said of the commercial’s concept, though he didn’t specify exactly which of his own tattoos he regrets.

On Saturday, Jelly Roll told Fox News Digital that shooting the commercial was “awesome.”

“We filmed for eight hours, so I didn’t expect that,” he recalled. “It was a lot of fun. A lot of fun.”

jelly roll at fanatics party

Jelly Roll spoke to Fox News Digital at Michael Rubin’s Fanatics Super Bowl party. (Cindy Ord/Getty Images for Fanatics)

The Hollywood Reporter confirmed on Friday that Jelly Roll will also appear alongside fellow musicians Lainey Wilson and Valerie June in a PSA for the healthcare advocacy nonprofit organization Power to the Patients.

According to the outlet, the organization wrote in a statement that the goal of airing the ad “is to force hospitals and insurance companies around the country to publicize actual prices for their services and procedures in advance instead of billing patients after the fact.”

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During his interview with Fox News Digital, Jelly Roll reflected on how he feels about using his platform to help others and effect positive change.

“It feels good, but it’s also one of those things that I don’t recognize how good it feels. I just assume everybody’s doing it or should be,” Jelly Roll said. “If God was so gracious to give us all a platform, I think we should use it to the best of our ability. That’s all I’m trying to do.”

jelly roll and peyton manning on the fanatics red carpet

The rapper had a fun exchange with Peyton Manning on the red carpet. (Ethan Miller/Getty Images)

While at the Fanatics party, Jelly Roll encountered Peyton Manning on the red carpet. When asked what the football legend said to him, the singer told Fox News Digital,”He just walked up and said, ‘What’s up, Jelly? How are you doing? You been recording at all?’ He talked to me like we just hung out for breakfast this morning. It’s the coolest thing ever.” 

Jelly Roll previously told People Magazine that he is “struggling” to decide which team he is rooting for at the 2024 Super Bowl. During his interview with Fox News Digital, the singer shared his opinion on the Chiefs and the 49ers.

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“Kansas City, man, Patrick Mahomes is arguably one of the greatest to ever throw a football,” he said of the quarterback. “I think that he could come for Tom Brady’s records. I believe that in my heart if he stays consistent.”

“But [49ers tight end] George Kittle is my boy, so I’m always cheering for George,” he added.

Fox News Digital’s Janelle Ash and Elizabeth Stanton contributed to this report.

Hamas is a future partner for peace, Northern Ireland’s First Minister says

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Michelle O’Neill, the recently elected First Minister of Northern Ireland, said on Thursday that the terrorist organization, Hamas, would eventually be regarded as the “future partner for peace” in the Middle East.

In an interview on Tonight with Andrew Marr on British broadcaster, LBC, O’Neill stressed the importance of communication, comparing the ongoing Israel-Hamas war to ongoing peace talks within Northern Ireland.

In the interview, Marr asked her if the terrorist organization Hamas would “eventually” become regarded as a “partner for peace.”

“A long time ago the [Irish Republican Army] IRA was seen as a terrorist organization. The British Government and everybody else could not ever talk to them,” Marr said. “Do you think that Hamas, although regarded as a terror organization by many people around the world, is going to eventually have to be a partner for peace?”

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Northern Ireland First Minister Michelle O’Neill (L) is interviewed after a press conference at the Foreign Press Association on February 8, 2024 in London, England. (Dan Kitwood/Getty Images)

“Yes,” O’Neill said, “I think you only have to look at our own example to know how important dialogue is and that’s the only way you’re ever going to bring an end to conflict.”

“If republicans didn’t talk to the British government or the British government didn’t talk to the republicans, in the past in Ireland we would not be in the scenario we are in today, enjoying a peaceful and far more equal society today,” the first nationalist First Minister of Northern Ireland continued.

Gaza child soldiers

The IDF claimed to have found documents, video footage, and photographs of Palestinian children used by Hamas Islamic Jihad as trained fighters. (IDF Spokesman’s Unit)

She also called for an immediate ceasefire and for the application of international law in Gaza.

“And I really only hope that in the coming days and weeks that we can get to a point where we see a ceasefire in the first instance, that we have dialogue, and that we get to the ultimate position of having the Palestinian state recognized and a two-state solution that the international community stands for,” O’Neill said.

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O’Neill argued that Israel was bombarding the Palestinian people and not defending themselves against the Hamas terrorists.

“Anybody can stretch Israel’s position of being one of defense because this is bombardment, day after day, slaughter of the Palestinian people,” O’Neill continued.

First Minister Michelle O'Neill

First Minister Michelle O’Neill during a press conference at Stormont Castle, Belfast, following the restoration of the powersharing executive.  (Oliver McVeigh/PA Images via Getty Images)

“This needs to stop, and we need the international community to stand strong and to stay firm in the court of international law. That’s where everybody must be,” she said.

“And I really only hope that in the coming days and weeks that we can get to a point where we see a ceasefire in the first instance, that we have dialogue, and that we get to the ultimate position of having the Palestinian state recognized and a two-state solution that the international community stands for.’

Hostage family memmbers

Thomas Hand, foreground, and Michael Levy look at posters of Israelis held hostage by Hamas hung on a fence on East 55th Street in New York City. Hand’s daughter, Emily, 8, and Levy’s brother, Or, are among the 240 Israelis being held capitve in Gaza.  (Sydney Borchers/Fox News Digital)

O’Neill also condemned the unprecedented October 7 attack on Israel, saying that they had violated international law by taking hostages.

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“From day one, we’ve said that what happened on October 7 was wrong, and that does not apply in international law in any shape or fashion, the hostages taken was wrong,” she said.

Colostrum supplements are all the rage, but are the potential benefits worth the risks?

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Colostrum might not be just for babies anymore. It’s also available in pill or powder form as a nutrient-boosting supplement that’s generating buzz on social media.

New mothers produce colostrum in liquid form after giving birth. 

The fluid is packed with protein, nutrients and antioxidants to help boost babies’ immunity.

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The supplement version — called bovine colostrum — is derived from the milk produced by cows in the initial days after giving birth.

Fox News Digital spoke with nutrition experts to find out whether colostrum supplements live up to the hype — and whether they pose any risks. 

Nutrition experts spoke with Fox News Digital about the risks and benefits of colostrum supplements. (iStock)

Potential benefits and limitations

Some studies have shown potential benefits of using bovine colostrum supplements, according to Erin Palinski-Wade, a New Jersey-based registered dietitian.

Those include preventing and shortening the duration of diarrhea, helping to prevent upper airway infections, and supporting a healthy immune system. 

Erin Palinski-Wade

Erin Palinski-Wade, a New Jersey-based registered dietitian, said colostrum supplements could have some benefits, but the evidence is “not definitive.” (Erin Palinski-Wade)

“These studies are small, however, and the evidence is not definitive,” Palinski-Wade told Fox News Digital. 

“More research is needed to fully understand the health effects of bovine colostrum supplements.”

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Sherry Coleman Collins, a food allergy dietician and expert in the Atlanta metropolitan area, agreed that the evidence for human supplementation with bovine colostrum is “extremely limited.”

Collins told Fox News Digital, “There is not enough evidence for me to recommend it for anyone for any reason.” 

Nursing cow

Bovine colostrum supplements are derived from the milk produced by cows in the initial days after they give birth. (iStock)

“We know that human colostrum is very beneficial for babies, providing specific nutritional value and immunological benefit through transferring some of mother’s immunity to baby,” she told Fox News Digital.

“However, we do not have enough evidence about bovine colostrum in humans to make any real statements about its impact on human health,” said Collins.

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The dietitian also noted that the processing of milk impacts its nutrition and would likely reduce some immunity benefits. 

Michelle Routhenstein, a New York City-based registered dietitian nutritionist who specializes in heart disease, said she does not recommend bovine colostrum supplements, “due to limited scientific evidence on their efficacy and potential variability in product quality.”

Risks involved with bovine colostrum

“These supplements are generally considered safe for healthy adults using them for a short duration, but there are still risks to consider,” said Palinski-Wade.

Individuals with dairy allergies or lactose intolerance should avoid bovine colostrum supplements, the dietitian said. 

“Bovine colostrum contains estrogen, which may negatively impact individuals at risk for certain cancers, such as breast, ovarian or prostate cancer,” she said. 

Colostrum supplements

Colostrum supplements are available in pill or powder form. (iStock)

People with a history or risk of these cancers should speak to a doctor before taking these supplements, Palinski-Wade advised.

“These supplements also have not been tested on women who are pregnant or lactating and should be avoided in this population unless cleared by their physician,” she said.

Other potential risks include contamination by harmful bacteria, interactions with medications and unknown long-term effects, according to Routhenstein.

Safety tips

For those who decide to try the supplements, experts emphasized the importance of choosing a reputable seller.

“When purchasing bovine colostrum supplements, it’s important to choose reputable brands and sources to ensure quality and safety,” said Routhenstein.

“Bovine colostrum contains estrogen, which may negatively impact individuals at risk for certain cancers.”

“Look for supplements that are manufactured by reputable companies, adhere to good manufacturing practices (GMP), and undergo third-party testing for purity and potency.”

For optimal temperature regulation and storage of bovine colostrum supplements, Routhenstein said it’s best to consider purchasing from reputable third-party dispensaries specializing in health and wellness products.

Woman holding pills

Bovine colostrum supplements may not be suitable for individuals with dairy allergies, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and those taking immunosuppressant medications, a dietitian said. (iStock)

“All supplements have limited oversight and don’t need to be proven safe or effective before being sold in the U.S.,” Collins said. “For this reason, there’s no guarantee on purity or potency in many cases.”

“Because bovine colostrum is likely to be sold as a dietary supplement, I would say buyer beware.”

For all supplements, Collins recommends looking for the USP (United States Pharmacopeia) symbol, which indicates that the product “does not contain harmful levels of specified contaminants” and that it is “made using safe, sanitary and well-controlled manufacturing practices according to FDA and USP guidelines.”

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Certain groups of people should be careful to avoid colostrum supplements, the dietitian said.

“I always caution people with compromised liver, kidney or immune systems about taking dietary supplements,” she said.

doctor with patient

For anyone else interested in trying colostrum supplements, experts advised consulting with a doctor before trying them. (iStock)

Bovine colostrum supplements may not be suitable for individuals with dairy allergies, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and those taking immunosuppressant medications, according to Routhenstein.

For anyone else interested in trying colostrum supplements, both dietitians advised consulting with a doctor before trying them.

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“I think this is just a case of too much speculation with too little actual research at this time,” Collins said. 

“Could bovine colostrum benefit some people? Maybe. But there are a lot of other proven ways to improve health that don’t involve supplements or speculation — like eating enough fruits and vegetables — and I would encourage people to spend their hard-earned dollars there first.”

FDA sign

The FDA does not test or approve dietary supplements before they are sold, according to the agency’s website. (REUTERS/Andrew Kelly/File Photo)

The FDA does not test or approve dietary supplements before they are sold, according to the agency’s website.

“Consumers may contact the dietary supplement manufacturer or a commercial laboratory for an analysis of a product’s content,” the agency stated.

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The FDA recommends that consumers talk to their doctor, pharmacist or another health care professional before choosing to take any supplement, and warned that some supplements may interact with other medications.

Fox News Digital contacted the FDA requesting additional comment.

For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health.

How to know when it is time to replace your Mac

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Is it time to say goodbye to your Mac? 

It’s a common question for many who have begun to see evidence that their computer just isn’t working like it used to. 

So what are the signs indicating it might be time for an upgrade to a new one? Here are some things to look for as you contemplate getting rid of your trusty Mac.

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MAN WITH a mac

Man typing on a MacBook. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

How long do Macs last?

First off, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer to this question. The longevity of a Mac depends on several factors, including usage intensity and maintenance. Generally, a Mac can offer around a decade of solid performance with regular updates and proper care.

Apple’s Vintage and Obsolete products page gives us a rough idea of device longevity. Vintage products are those discontinued for more than five but less than seven years, while obsolete products are discontinued for more than seven years.

Additionally, considering macOS compatibility, most Macs are eligible for the latest macOS version for about seven years. Apple typically supports each macOS version for three years, while third-party apps might have their own compatibility timelines.

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mac on desk

Mac on a desk. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

5 signs it’s time for an upgrade

Is your Mac showing signs of aging? Here are five clear indicators that it might be time for an upgrade.

5 THINGS TO DO FIRST IF YOU GOT A NEW MAC

1. When it’s no longer getting software updates

When your Mac stops receiving updates, it’s a clear sign that it’s reaching the end of its life. Apple provides both upgrades and updates, with upgrades offering new macOS versions and updates providing essential security fixes. Once your Mac is no longer supported, it’s time to consider a replacement.

mac screen

Mac screen showing Updates Available. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

2. You can’t run the apps you need

As software evolves, older Macs may struggle to run newer applications smoothly. Factors like insufficient RAM or outdated hardware can lead to compatibility issues. If you find yourself unable to run essential apps or experiencing performance lag, it might be time for an upgrade.

MAC APP

Mac screen showing an app can’t run. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

3. Lack of computer memory

Computer memory, also known as RAM, is the temporary storage that your Mac uses to run multiple tasks at once. The more memory you have, the faster and smoother your Mac can perform. If your memory is low, you may notice slowdowns, freezes, crashes or the dreaded spinning beach ball of death, and it may be time for a new Mac.

mac screen notification

Screen notification that your system has run out of application memory. (Apple)

To check your memory usage on a Mac, you can follow these steps:

  • Press ⌘ Cmd + Space to open Spotlight, or click the magnifying glass icon on the menu bar
  • Type Activity Monitor into the search bar and press Enter, or click the app icon that resembles a heartbeat monitor
  • Click the Memory tab in the upper navigation menu to see the amount of RAM being used by your system and apps
  • Look at the Memory Pressure graph at the bottom of the window to see how efficiently your memory is serving your processing needs. Green means low memory pressure, yellow means moderate memory pressure, and red means high memory pressure. If your memory pressure graph is red or yellow, it means your Mac is running out of memory, and you may need to upgrade it
MACbook activity monitor

Activity Monitor on MacBook Pro. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

4. When you’re running out of storage space

Running out of storage space is a common issue, especially as file sizes and data volumes increase. While some workarounds exist, such as cloud storage or file cleanup tools, the inability to upgrade the SSD on most modern Macs can become a limiting factor over time and may have you darting out to get a new Mac.

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Mac storage space

Storage space indicator on Mac. (Apple)

MORE: HOW TO TIDY UP YOUR DESKTOP ON A MAC

5. You’re constantly running into problems

While Macs are known for their reliability, hardware issues can arise with age. These may include battery degradation, malfunctioning ports, trackpad issues or physical damage. If hardware problems start affecting usability or repair costs become prohibitive, it’s worth considering buying a new Mac.

MAC screen

Mac computer screen having problems. (Apple)

MORE: BEST VPNS FOR MAC — CYBERGUY PICKS 2024

Before buying a new Mac, try these tips to speed up your old one

While Macs are known for their longevity and reliability, they’re not immune to aging or evolving technology. However, before rushing into a new purchase, consider these tips to optimize your current Mac’s performance through maintenance and upgrades. When the time does come to bid farewell to your old computer, embrace the opportunity to get a new Mac with the latest innovations and features, especially with the Apple silicon processors offered by newer Mac models.

mac mini

Mac mini showing it has M2 processor. (Apple)

MORE: HOW TO REMOVE MALWARE ON A MAC 2024 

Timing for a new Mac purchase

If you’re considering an upgrade to a new Mac, timing is key. Waiting for the right moment, such as before new models are released or taking advantage of discounts on older or refurbished models, can maximize the value of your purchase.

IMAGE of a MacBook Pro

MORE: 5 THINGS TO DO FIRST IF YOU GOT A NEW MAC

Kurt’s key takeaways

So, is it time to bid adieu to your old Mac? Only you can decide, but replacing your Mac at the proper time will keep your productivity at its max. Armed with the knowledge that we provided of your Mac’s lifespan and the five signs of aging, you’re now well-equipped to make the right choice.

What factors do you consider most important when deciding whether it’s time to upgrade your Mac? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

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Ketamine therapy shown effective in treating severe depression in veterans, study finds

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Ketamine could be a viable remedy for veterans struggling with depression, new research has suggested.

The University of Michigan released a study on the effects of ketamine in cases of severe or treatment-resistant depression among veterans.

Half of the study participants experienced significant relief after undergoing six weeks of ketamine therapy, according to a Michigan Medicine press release.

MARINE VET TOUTS BENEFITS OF PSYCHEDELIC-ASSISTED PTSD DRUGS AS FDA CONSIDERS MDMA APPROVAL

The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, looked into the data of 215 veterans receiving intravenous ketamine therapy at Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals.

All the participants had also undergone previous depression treatments without any improvement.

Research from the University of Michigan found that ketamine therapy could be beneficial for veterans with depression. (Julia Rendleman for The Washington Post via Getty Images; iStock)

Nearly half of all patients saw a “meaningful drop” in depression scores after six weeks of infusions, according to the analysis by the University of Michigan and VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS).

About 25% saw their depression score drop by half within six weeks of treatment, while 15% went into full remission despite the complexity of their mental health status.

VET WHO LOST MILITARY ‘BROTHERS’ TO POST-WAR SUICIDE CALLS FOR URGENT CHANGE: ‘WE COULD DO BETTER’

Almost all patients surveyed continued their treatment every few weeks or months.

“Further study is needed to determine optimal infusion frequency and potential for adverse effects with repeated ketamine infusions for depression,” the study findings stated.

veteran in therapy

Nearly half the participants in a new study saw a “meaningful drop” in depression scores after six weeks of IV ketamine infusions, the study found. (iStock)

In a statement sent to Fox News Digital, VA press secretary Terrence Hayes backed ketamine therapy as an option for veterans.

“VA supports the evidence-based use of ketamine infusions for treatment-resistant depression and severe suicidal ideation,” he said.

MILITARY MENTAL HEALTH IN FOCUS AS AI TRAINING SIMULATES REAL CONVERSATIONS TO HELP PREVENT VETERAN SUICIDE

“Many veterans with these mental health conditions are treated with IV ketamine annually – both at VA facilities and by community providers.”

Dr. Justin Gerstner, psychiatrist and chief medical officer at Ellie Mental Health in Minnesota, told Fox News Digital that he thinks these findings on ketamine are “great,” as the VA population is “in need of new, innovative treatments for depression.”

(Gerstner was not involved in the Michigan study.)

ketamine vile

A doctor holds a vial of ketamine at the MindPeace Clinic in Richmond, Virginia. (Julia Rendleman for The Washington Post via Getty Images)

“This study shows that this helps some of the hardest-to-treat veterans with depression,” he said.

As more psychedelic-assisted therapies emerge to treat numerous mental health issues, the doctor said ketamine is among the ones that produce results “pretty quickly.”

PARTY GLOW STICKS TO BE TESTED BY US NAVY TO DETECT BIOTHREATS: ‘HIGHLY SENSITIVE’

Another benefit of ketamine therapy, according to Gerstner, is that it eliminates the need for patients to take medication every day, as with other treatment methods.

Gerstner said he uses ketamine therapy in his own practice, where the response from clients has been “great.”

ketamine treatment in clinic

Carl Montalbino, 67, receives his ketamine treatment while nurse Melissa Dougher checks his vitals on July 5, 2022, at MindPeace Clinic in Richmond, Virginia. (Julia Rendleman for The Washington Post via Getty Images)

“It’s been quite transformative for a lot of our clients,” he told Fox News Digital. “It’s really a rewarding experience to be a part of that.”

Gerstner’s practice usually administers ketamine to clients via IV injection in two- to three-hour sessions, partnered with psychotherapy before and after treatment.

Potential risks and limitations

While ketamine can work as a “really powerful anti-depressant and anti-suicidal drug,” Gerstner said, he warned that it is “not the right answer for everybody or everything.”

“This is a really powerful medication and the way that it’s used can vary quite drastically.”

There are some risks and limitations involved, he said — including the potential for ketamine to be abused.

There isn’t too much regulation surrounding how ketamine treatments are administered, Gerstner noted, since the drug was previously approved for anesthetic use. 

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“The field is wide open, and it’s a little bit like the Wild West,” he said. “This is a really powerful medication and the way that it’s used can vary quite drastically.”

Various clinics have seen success with administering the drug in different forms, including oral, IV and injectable, according to Gerstner.

ketamine IV infusion

Various clinics have seen success with the drug being administered in different forms, including oral, IV and injectable. (Julia Rendleman for The Washington Post via Getty Images)

For patients with severe treatment-resistant depression, a typical IV regimen is administered every two to three days in a hospital-based outpatient clinic, according to Michigan Medicine and VAAAHS.

“Those things are really all over the map,” Gerstner said. “It’s hard to regulate and there’s some risk in that, but it’s also what we have to do while learning what’s best.” 

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For veterans who are seeking better treatment, ketamine could be a “really important thing to consider for depression,” said Gerstner

“If they’re suffering with depression and feel like they’re not getting what they need, and they haven’t had a discussion about ketamine, it’s OK to ask [their provider] about it,” he added.

Fox News Digital reached out to the University of Michigan requesting additional comment on the research.

For more Health articles, visit foxnews.com.com/health.

Fox News AI Newsletter: Scam that could ruin your Super Bowl experience

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Welcome to Fox News’ Artificial Intelligence newsletter with the latest AI technology advancements.

IN TODAY’S NEWSLETTER:

– How sneaky scammers are using AI to get you to buy fake Super Bowl tickets
– Actor Ricky Schroder says AI-generated explicit content is a ‘dangerous tool,’ needs to be regulated
– FCC makes AI-generated robocalls that can fool voters illegal after Biden voice cloning in New Hampshire

Allegiant Stadium prepares for Super Bowl LVIII

A video board displays an advertisement for Monday’s Super Bowl LVIII Opening Night at Allegiant Stadium on Feb. 1, 2024, in Las Vegas. (Ethan Miller/Getty Images)

RUINING THE BIG GAME: If you’re one of the lucky fans who managed to get tickets to the Super Bowl, congratulations. You’re in for a thrilling experience. But if you’re still looking for tickets and are tempted by offers on social media platforms, beware.

‘I’M CONCERNED’: American actor Ricky Schroder said this week he believes explicit content generated by artificial intelligence is a “dangerous road to go down.”

ROBO-BAN: The Federal Communications Commission on Thursday made AI-generated robocalls mimicking the voices of political candidates to fool voters illegal. 

New Hampshire primary polling place

A poll worker sets up for people to vote in New Hampshire primary at the Barn at Bull Meadow on Tuesday, Jan. 23, 2024, in Concord, New Hampshire.  (Matt McClain/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

BYE BYE, BARD: Google AI has officially transitioned into Gemini, an enhanced version of Google’s first artificial intelligence system. In a conversation with Fox News Digital, Google AI product lead Jack Krawczyk revealed what’s new about Gemini.

gemini google products

Google announced Gemini Advanced and an app version of its AI tool. (Google)

TIME OFF: The rapid advance of artificial intelligence could lead to an easier schedule for American workers and give them an extra day off every week.

‘INCOMPETENT’: A New York lawyer could face discipline after it was discovered a case she cited was generated by artificial intelligence and did not actually exist.

AI TAX ASSIST: Microsoft and H&R Block are partnering to bring generative artificial intelligence (AI) to help simplify the do-it-yourself tax filing process for taxpayers. H&R Block launched its AI Tax Assist product, which was developed in partnership with Microsoft through its Azure OpenAI Service, in December ahead of the tax season, which officially opened last week.

Subscribe now to get the Fox News Artificial Intelligence Newsletter in your inbox.

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Stay up to date on the latest AI technology advancements and learn about the challenges and opportunities AI presents now and for the future with Fox News here.





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Stop these V-day scams before they break your heart and your bank account

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valen

As Valentine’s Day approaches, many people have love on the brain. Online romance, however, has complicated courtships and coupling dynamics by adding a layer of potential deception to every connection. While we do want to keep romance alive, it’s important to enter the world of online dating with open eyes and ears as much as open hearts. It’s vital to stay vigilant this Valentine’s Day so you don’t become a victim of a scamming Casanova.

One of the most common risks of online dating is falling for a catfish, someone who pretends to be someone else online. This is why Patricia’s email to us felt particularly relevant.

“I need your help. I have met a guy online and have been chatting for months. At first I was able to chat through his email and also by phone. Recently, some things have been said that are making me feel uneasy. I have used Truthfinder, People Finder, and Been Verified and can’t get any information on this guy. When I asked him about that, he told me has been hacked several times, so he doesn’t put anything on the internet.

Someone suggested that it’s possible he is using a VPN. Could this be possible, and if you think it is, can you please tell me how I can get the information I am seeking about this guy? Until recently, I was beginning to think that we may have a lot of things in common, but now, I am not sure.”

—Patricia, Mt. Pleasant, WI

CLICK TO GET KURT’S FREE CYBERGUY NEWSLETTER WITH SECURITY ALERTS, QUICK VIDEO TIPS, TECH REVIEWS, AND EASY HOW-TO’S TO MAKE YOU SMARTER 

valentine's scams 1

Someone holding a mobile phone showing an online dating match. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson )

The high stakes of romance scams

Patricia, you aren’t the only one who has concerns over a developing online relationship. According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), in the most recent data, about 70,000 people have reported being victims of a romantic scam with reported losses of up to $1.3 billion; there are high stakes involved beyond just experiencing potential heartbreak.

MORE: BEST VALENTINES DAY GIFTS 2024

Behind the virtual veil

It is certainly possible that the person you’ve been chatting with online could be using a virtual private network (VPN), which is a tool that encrypts your internet connection and routes it through a remote server. While the use of a VPN can make it hard to connect the online activity to a physical location, it would not be able to keep his information from being online.

There are, however, data removal services such as the ones we’ve covered here that can be used to limit his information online. Either he’s being proactive about his privacy and safety, or he’s a scammer with a well-thought-out strategy to scam you out of your money, personal information and identity.

MORE: DON’T EVER DO THIS ON A DATING APP

5 warning signs of online heart-breaking scammers

1) Quickly tell you they love you or try to create a strong emotional connection with you

2) Always have an excuse for not meeting you in person or video chatting with you

3) Ask you for money, gift cards or other favors, often for urgent or personal reasons

4) Send you links or attachments that may contain malware or phishing sites

5) Have inconsistent or vague details about themselves, their location or their work 

valentine's scams 2

Woman in front of laptop making a heart symbol with hands.

MORE: HOW TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM SOCIAL MEDIA SCAMMERS

Top scams to look out for this Valentine’s Day

With a special eye toward Valentine’s Day, here are some top scams that are particularly rampant during this holiday.

Don’t click that Valentine: Scammers are sending out automated Valentine’s Day cards (usually through chatbots) made to look like they’re from friends and family, but once opened or link clicked (to retrieve the e-card), malicious software can be installed or your device hacked.

Be careful where you look for love: There has been an increase in new domains registered with romantic words around this time of year. Many of these websites have been flagged as potentially dangerous. Stick to established online dating services that include security measures. You can always do a separate search with the name of the dating site you want to check out with words like “scam” or “fake” to see if there has been any negative feedback or experiences.

Do practice good judgment about what you share: Sextortion is a technique where romantic scammers get you to send compromising photos or videos of yourself and then blackmail you for more compromising materials or money.

Sometimes, random scammers will bluff and claim they have a pornographic video of you that will be sent to all your contacts on your phone or computer if you don’t pay them, usually in Bitcoin. While this is an empty threat, shocked recipients of these types of emails have fallen victim to sending over money.

MORE: HOW TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM & ‘VISHING’ SCAMS

3 steps to avoid romance scammers and stay safe

1) Go slow: Don’t rush into any action, whether it is giving away your personal information or paying for anything. Trust takes time, so it’s okay to build this relationship one interaction at a time. You wouldn’t give a stranger at the grocery store your Social Security number or hand over all your money in your wallet in exchange for a check with your fitness instructor.

2) Trust your instinct: If something doesn’t feel right, it’s OK to end the connection with or without “evidence.” Don’t do anything that feels unsafe or wrong.

3) Saying goodbye: If you don’t feel safe, it is okay to end the connection without a conversation, especially if you feel like you’ll be manipulated into further conversation. It is okay to cut off contact and sometimes even block this person online.

MORE: HOW TO AVOID THE WORST DATING APP SCAMMERS 

What to do if you suspect someone is scamming you online?

Do not send money or personal information: If you receive unsolicited requests for money, bank account details or other personal information, do not comply. Scammers often use urgency and emotional manipulation to pressure victims into sharing sensitive data or making payments.

Stay skeptical: Be cautious when dealing with unknown individuals online. If something seems too good to be true (such as winning a lottery you never entered), it probably is. Trust your instincts and verify any claims independently.

Verify the source: Before taking any action, verify the legitimacy of the person or organization contacting you. Search for their name, email address or phone number online. Look for reviews, complaints or warnings related to their activities.

Check for red flags: Scammers often create a sense of urgency to rush victims into making decisions. Offers that promise huge rewards for minimal effort are often scams. Be cautious if someone asks for your Social Security number, credit card details or passwords. Scammers may ask for payment via gift cards, wire transfers or cryptocurrency.

Install good antivirus software on all your devices because while you may be swayed by sweet nothings, your antivirus software won’t be. Having antivirus software on your devices will make sure you are stopped from clicking on any potential malicious links which may install malware on your devices, allowing hackers to gain access to your personal information. Find my review of Best Antivirus Protection here.

SCAMS ARE THE POLICY PROBLEM NO ONE IS TALKING ABOUT

valentine's scams 3

Hands holding an iPhone with breakup texts. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

MORE: HOW CUNNING ROMANCE SCAMMERS DUPED FLORIDA MAN OF NEARLY A HALF MILLION DOLLARS

What to do if you suspect you’re a victim of a romantic scammer?

If, like Patricia, you suspect you may have fallen prey to a romantic scammer, check out some of the resources and action steps to take.

1. Log out of accounts

First, log out of all your accounts on every web browser on your computer. Once you’ve done that, you should clear your browser history.

2. Scan your device

Use a trusted antivirus program to run a comprehensive scan to detect and remove any lingering traces of malware. The best way to protect yourself from having your data breached by romance scammers is to have antivirus protection installed on all your devices. Find my review of Best Antivirus Protection here.

3. Change your passwords

If romance scammers expose your passwords, be sure to change them immediately. Be sure to create strong passwords for your accounts and devices, and avoid using the same password for multiple online accounts. Consider using a password manager to securely store and generate complex passwords. It will help you to create unique and difficult-to-crack passwords that a hacker could never guess. 

4. Use 2-factor authentication

Implementing 2-factor authentication is just an extra shield that will prevent a romance scammer from getting into your accounts. This way, even if someone steals your password or if you gave your password to a scammer, they will not be able to access your account without the second factor, such as a code sent to your phone or email.

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5. Report the romance scammer

If you encounter a suspicious profile or communication on social media, online marketplaces or dating apps, report it to the platform. Also, report scams to your local police and file a complaint with the FTC at ftc.gov/complaint or to the Internet Crimes Complaint Center.

6. Search BBB’s scam tracker

Another tool to use is the BBB’s Scam Tracker. You can use it to search keywords or by category to see if your specific scenario or person is being mentioned in any scams posted.

7. Contact your financial institutions

Contact your bank, credit card company or other financial institutions if you suspect any fraudulent activity on your accounts.

8. Monitor credit reports

Monitor your credit reports and scores for any signs of identity theft or unauthorized inquiries.

9. Invest in Identity theft software

You’ll also want to invest in identity theft software to protect your identity and financial accounts. Theft protection companies can monitor personal information like your home title, Social Security number (SSN), phone number and email address and alert you if it is being used to open an account.  They can also assist you in freezing your bank and credit card accounts to prevent further unauthorized use by criminals. See my tips and best picks on how to protect yourself from identity theft.

Kurt’s key takeaways

New scams, romantic or otherwise, seem to multiply, especially during the holidays, as these scammers prey on tender heartstrings. There are many dos and don’ts when it comes to online dating and cyber safety, but nothing replaces your instinct and common sense.

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What’s the worst romantic scam you or someone you know has experienced? Let us know by writing us at Cyberguy.com/Contact

For more of my tech tips & security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter

Ask Kurt a question or let us know what stories you’d like us to cover.

Answers to the most-asked CyberGuy questions:

Copyright 2024 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.



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